Ngo-Okthoba 15th, abacwaningi base-Chalmers University of Technology eSweden baye benza ngempumelelo uhlobo olusha lwengilazi eqinile futhi ehlala njalo enezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingase zibe khona ezihlanganisa imithi, izikrini ezithuthukisiwe zedijithali kanye nobuchwepheshe be-solar cell.Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi indlela yokuxuba ama-molecule amaningi (afinyelela kwayisishiyagalombili ngesikhathi) ingakhiqiza into esebenza kahle njengama-ejenti okwenza ingilazi angcono kakhulu aziwa njengamanje.
Ingilazi, eyaziwa nangokuthi "i-amorphous solid", iyinto engenakho uhlaka oluhlelekile olude - ayiwakhi amakristalu.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinto zecrystalline ziyizinto ezinamaphethini ahleleke kakhulu futhi aphindaphindayo.
Impahla esivame ukuyibiza ngokuthi "ingilazi" empilweni yansuku zonke isekelwe kakhulu ku-silica, kodwa ingilazi ingenziwa ngezinto eziningi ezahlukene.Ngakho-ke, abacwaningi bahlale benesithakazelo ekutholeni izindlela ezintsha zokukhuthaza izinto ezihlukahlukene zokwakha lesi simo se-amorphous, esingase siholele ekuthuthukiseni izibuko ezintsha ezinezakhiwo ezithuthukisiwe kanye nezicelo ezintsha.Ucwaningo olusha olusanda kushicilelwa kujenali yesayensi ethi “Intuthuko Yesayensi” imele isinyathelo esibalulekile esiya phambili ocwaningweni.
Manje, ngokumane sixube ama-molecule amaningi ahlukene, sivule ngokuzumayo amandla okudala izinto zengilazi ezintsha nezingcono.Labo abafunda ama- molecule ephilayo bayazi ukuthi ukusebenzisa ingxube yama- molecule amabili noma amathathu ahlukene kungasiza ukwakha ingilazi, kodwa bambalwa abangalindela ukuthi ukwengeza ama- molecule engeziwe kuzozuza imiphumela emihle kangaka,” ithimba labacwaningi lihole ucwaningo.USolwazi uChristian Müller ovela eMnyangweni Wezekhemikhali Nobunjiniyela Bamakhemikhali wase-Ulms University uthe.
Imiphumela engcono kakhulu yanoma iyiphi impahla yokwakha ingilazi
Lapho uketshezi luphola ngaphandle kokucwebezela, kwakheka ingilazi, inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-vitrification.Ukusetshenziswa kwengxube yama-molecule amabili noma amathathu ukukhuthaza ukwakheka kwengilazi kuwumqondo ovuthiwe.Kodwa-ke, umphumela wokuxuba inani elikhulu lama-molecule ekhonweni lokwakha ingilazi uthole ukunakwa okuncane.
Abacwaningi bahlole ingxube yama-molecule e-perylene ayisishiyagalombili, okuwodwa anobukhazikhazi obuphezulu-lesi sici sihlobene nokukhululeka okwenza ingilazi.Kodwa ukuhlanganisa ama-molecule amaningi ndawonye kuholela ekuncipheni okuphawulekayo kokuqina futhi kwakha ingilazi eqinile ngaphambili enokonakala okuphansi kakhulu.
“Ukonakala kwengilazi esiyenzile ocwaningweni lwethu kuphansi kakhulu, okubonisa ikhono elingcono kakhulu lokwenza ingilazi.Asikalanga kuphela noma iyiphi impahla ephilayo kodwa nama-polymers nezinto ezingaphili (njengengilazi yensimbi eyinqwaba).Imiphumela ingcono nakakhulu kunengilazi evamile.Ikhono lokwenza ingilazi lengilazi yefasitela lingelinye labenzi bengilazi abahamba phambili esibaziyo,” kusho uSandra Hultmark, ongumfundi ofundela ubudokotela eMnyangweni Wezekhemikhali Nobunjiniyela Bamakhemikhali kanye nombhali oholayo wocwaningo.
Nweba impilo yomkhiqizo futhi wonge izinsiza
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile zengilazi ephilayo ezinzile ubuchwepheshe bokuboniswa njengezikrini ze-OLED kanye nobuchwepheshe bamandla avuselelekayo njengamaseli elanga aphilayo.
“Ama-OLED akhiwe ngezingqimba zengilazi zamangqamuzana aphilayo akhipha ukukhanya.Uma zizinzile, kungase kwenyuse ukuqina kwe-OLED futhi kugcine ukuqina kwesibonisi,” kuchaza uSandra Hultmark.
Esinye isicelo esingase sizuze engilazini ezinzile izidakamizwa.Izidakamizwa ze-Amorphous zincibilika ngokushesha, okusiza ukumunca ngokushesha isithako esisebenzayo lapho kufakwa.Ngakho-ke, izidakamizwa eziningi zisebenzisa amafomu ezidakamizwa ezenza ingilazi.Ngezidakamizwa, kubalulekile ukuthi i-vitreous material ingacwebezeli ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Uma umuthi oyingilazi uzinzile, kuba yinde isikhathi sokuphila komuthi.
"Ngengilazi ezinzile noma izinto ezintsha zokwenza ingilazi, singakwazi ukwandisa impilo yesevisi yenani elikhulu lemikhiqizo, ngaleyo ndlela silondoloze izinsiza nomnotho," kusho u-Christian Müller.
"I-vitrification yengxube ye-Xinyuanperylene ene-ultra-low brittleness" ishicilelwe kumagazini wesayensi "Intuthuko Yesayensi".
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-06-2021