Abanye abantu abathanda ukuphuza iwayini bazozama ukuzenzela iwayini, kodwa amagilebhisi abawakhethayo amagilebhisi asetafuleni athengwa emakethe.Izinga lewayini elenziwe ngalamagilebhisi alikho kahle njengalelo elenziwe ngamagilebhisi ewayini angochwepheshe.Uyawazi umehluko phakathi kwala magilebhisi amabili?
Izinhlobo ezahlukene
Amagilebhisi ewayini kanye namagilebhisi etafula avela emindenini ehlukene.Cishe wonke amagilebhisi ewayini angawomvini wase-Eurasian (Vitis Vinifera), kanti amanye amagilebhisi asetafuleni nawo aphuma kulo mndeni.Iningi lamagilebhisi asetafuleni, nokho, angowomvini waseMelika (Vitis Labrusca) kanye neAmerican muscadine (Vitis Rotundifolia), izinhlobo ezingasetshenziselwa ukwenza iwayini kodwa ziyadliwa futhi zimnandi impela.
2. Ukubukeka kuhlukile
Amagilebhisi ewayini avamise ukuba namaqoqo ahlangene kanye namajikijolo amancane, kuyilapho amagilebhisi etafula ngokuvamile enamaqoqo axegayo kanye namajikijolo amakhulu.Amagilebhisi asetafuleni ngokuvamile acishe abe 2 ubukhulu bewayini.
3. Izindlela zokulima ezehlukene
(1) Amagilebhisi ewayini
Izivini zewayini zitshalwa kakhulu endaweni evulekile.Ukuze kukhiqizwe amagilebhisi ewayini ekhwalithi ephezulu, abenzi bewayini bavamise ukuba banciphise imivini ukuze banciphise isivuno somvini ngamunye futhi bathuthukise izinga lamagilebhisi.
Uma umvini uthela izithelo zomvini eziningi kakhulu, kuzothinta ukunambitheka kwamagilebhisi;futhi ukunciphisa isivuno kuzokwenza ukunambitheka kwamagilebhisi kugxile kakhulu.Uma amagilebhisi egxile kakhulu, izinga lewayini lizokhiqizwa kangcono.
Uma umvini uthela izithelo zomvini eziningi kakhulu, kuzothinta ukunambitheka kwamagilebhisi;futhi ukunciphisa isivuno kuzokwenza ukunambitheka kwamagilebhisi kugxile kakhulu.Uma amagilebhisi egxile kakhulu, izinga lewayini lizokhiqizwa kangcono.
Lapho amagilebhisi etafuleni ekhula, abalimi babheka izindlela zokwandisa isivuno samagilebhisi.Isibonelo, ukuze kugwenywe izinambuzane nezifo, abalimi abaningi bezithelo bazofaka izikhwama emagilebhisini akhiqizwa ukuvikela amagilebhisi.
4. Isikhathi sokukhetha sihlukile
(1) Amagilebhisi ewayini
Amagilebhisi ewayini avunwa ngokwehlukile kunamagilebhisi asetafuleni.Amagilebhisi ewayini anezidingo eziqinile ngesikhathi sokukha.Uma isikhathi sokukha sisencane kakhulu, amagilebhisi ngeke akwazi ukuqongelela ushukela owanele kanye nezinto ze-phenolic;uma isikhathi sokukha siphuzile, ushukela wamagilebhisi uzoba phezulu kakhulu futhi i-asidi izoba phansi kakhulu, okuzothinta kalula izinga lewayini.
Kodwa amanye amagilebhisi avunwa ngamabomu, njengokuthi ngemva kokuwa kweqhwa ebusika.Amagilebhisi anjalo angasetshenziswa ukwenza iwayini leqhwa.
amagilebhisi etafuleni
Isikhathi sokuvuna samagilebhisi etafuleni singaphambi kwesikhathi sokuvuthwa komzimba.Lapho uvuna, isithelo kufanele sibe nombala wemvelo kanye nokunambitheka kwezinhlobonhlobo.Ngokuvamile, ingakhethwa phakathi nenkathi kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuSeptemba, futhi cishe akunakwenzeka ukulinda kuze kube sekupheleni kobusika.Ngakho-ke, amagilebhisi eThebula ngokuvamile avunwa ngaphambi kwamagilebhisi ewayini.
Ukuqina kwesikhumba kuyahlukahluka
Izikhumba zamagilebhisi zewayini zivame ukujiya kunezikhumba zamagilebhisi zetafula, okuwusizo olukhulu ekwenzeni iwayini.Ngoba ngesikhathi sokwenza iwayini, ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukukhipha umbala owanele, i-tannin kanye ne-polyphenolic flavour substances esikhumbeni samagilebhisi, kuyilapho amagilebhisi amasha etafula anezikhumba ezincane, inyama eningi, amanzi amaningi, ama-tannins amancane, futhi kulula ukuwadla.Inambitheka kamnandi futhi imnandi, kodwa ayihambisani nokwenza iwayini.
6. Okuqukethwe ushukela okuhlukile
Amagilebhisi ethebula anezinga le-Brix (isilinganiso senani likashukela oketshezini) lika-17% kuya ku-19%, kanti amagilebhisi ewayini anezinga le-Brix elingama-24% kuya ku-26%.Ngaphezu kwezinhlobonhlobo ngokwazo, isikhathi sokukha amagilebhisi ewayini kuvame ukuba semuva kunaleso samagilebhisi asetafuleni, okuqinisekisa futhi ukuqoqwa kweglucose yewayini.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-12-2022