Abanye abantu abathanda ukuphuza iwayini bazozama ukwenza iwayini labo, kepha amagilebhisi abawakhethayo angamagilebhisi etafuleni athengwa emakethe. Izinga lewayini elenziwe kulo mvini alilungile njengale elenziwe kusuka kumagilebhisi ewayini ochwepheshe. Uyawazi umehluko phakathi kwalawa amagilebhisi amabili?
Izinhlobo ezahlukene
Amagilebhisi ewayini kanye namagilebhisi etafuleni aqhamuka emindenini ehlukene. Cishe wonke amagilebhisi ewayini angawamagilebhisi ase-Eurasia (vitis vinifera), kanti amanye amagilebhisi asetafuleni nawo avela kulo mndeni. Iningi lamagilebhisi etafuleni, nokho, lingelomvini waseMelika (vitis labrusca) kanye ne-American Muscadine (vitis rotundifolia), izinhlobo ezingasetshenziswanga nge-winemaking kepha ziyadliwa futhi zimnandi impela.
2. Ukubonakala kwehlukile
Amagilebhisi ewayini ajwayele ukuba namaqoqo ahlanganisiwe kanye namajikijolo amancane, ngenkathi amagilebhisi etafuleni ngokuvamile anamaqoqo akhululekile namajikijolo amakhulu. Amagilebhisi etafuleni ajwayele cishe izikhathi ezi-2 ubukhulu bamagilebhisi ewayini.
3. Izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokutshala
(1) Amagilebhisi ewayini
Izivini zewayini zitshalwa kakhulu emkhakheni ovulekile. Ukuze ukhiqize amagilebhisi asezingeni eliphakeme, ama-winemaker ngokuvamile anciphise imivini ukunciphisa isivuno ngomvini ngamunye futhi athuthukise ikhwalithi yamagilebhisi.
Uma umvini ukhiqiza amagilebhisi amaningi kakhulu, kuzothinta ukunambitheka kwamagilebhisi; Futhi ukunciphisa isivuno kuzokwenza ukunambitheka kwamagilebhisi kugxile kakhulu. Lapho amagilebhisi agxile kakhulu, kuzokhiqizwa kangcono izinga lewayini lizokhiqizwa.
Uma umvini ukhiqiza amagilebhisi amaningi kakhulu, kuzothinta ukunambitheka kwamagilebhisi; Futhi ukunciphisa isivuno kuzokwenza ukunambitheka kwamagilebhisi kugxile kakhulu. Lapho amagilebhisi agxile kakhulu, kuzokhiqizwa kangcono izinga lewayini lizokhiqizwa.
Lapho amagilebhisi etafuleni ekhula, abatshali bafuna izindlela zokwandisa isivuno samagilebhisi. Isibonelo, ukuze ugweme izilokazane nezifo, abalimi abaningi bezithelo bazobeka izikhwama kumagilebhisi akhiqizwa amagilebhisi akhiqizwa amagilebhisi.
4. Isikhathi sokukhetha sehlukile
(1) Amagilebhisi ewayini
Amagilebhisi ewayini akhethwe ngokuhlukile kunamagilebhisi etafuleni. Amagilebhisi ewayini anezidingo eziqinile ngesikhathi sokukhetha. Uma isikhathi sokukhetha sisekuseni kakhulu, amagilebhisi ngeke akwazi ukuqongelela ushukela owanele nezinto ze-phenolic; Uma isikhathi sokukhetha sekwephuze kakhulu, okuqukethwe ushukela amagilebhisi kuzoba phezulu kakhulu futhi i-acidity izoba ngaphansi kakhulu, okuzothinta kalula ikhwalithi yewayini.
Kepha amanye amagilebhisi avunwa ngenhloso ngenhloso, njengokuthi ngemuva kokuba iqhwa liwe ebusika. Amagilebhisi anjalo angasetshenziswa ukwenza iwayini leqhwa.
Amagilebhisi etafuleni
Isikhathi sokuvuna samagilebhisi etafuleni ngaphambili kwenkathi yokuvuthwa ngokomzimba. Lapho ukuvuna, izithelo kufanele zibe nombala wemvelo nokunambitheka kwezinhlobonhlobo. Ngokuvamile, ingakhethwa ngesikhathi kusuka ngoJuni kuya kuSepthemba, futhi cishe akunakwenzeka ukulinda kuze kube yibusika. Ngakho-ke, amagilebhisi etafuleni ngokuvamile avunwa ngaphambili kunamagilebhisi ewayini.
Ukuqina kwesikhumba kuyahlukahluka
Izikhumba zamagilebhisi zewayini zivame ukuba mkhulu kunezikhumba zamagilebhisi zetafula, ezikusizo olukhulu e-winemaking. Ngoba kwinqubo yewayini elenzaka, kwesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka ukukhipha umbala olwanele, ama-tannin kanye nezithombe ze-polyphenolic kusuka ezikhunjeni zamagilebhisi, ngenkathi amagilebhisi asha etafuleni anezikhumba ezincanyana, futhi amanzi amaningi, futhi kulula ukudla. Inambitha okumnandi futhi okumnandi, kepha akukuvumeli ukwenza i-winemaking.
6. Okuqukethwe okuhlukile ushukela
Amagilebhisi etafuleni anezinga le-brix (isilinganiso senani likashukela ku-17% kuya ku-19%, futhi amagilebhisi ewayini anezinga le-brix elingu-24% kuya ku-26% kuya ku-26% kuya ku-26% kuya ku-26%. Ngaphezu kwezinhlobonhlobo uqobo, isikhathi sokukhetha samagilebhisi ewayini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kunalokho okunamagilebhisi etafuleni, okuqinisekisa nokuqongelelwa kwe-glucose yewayini.
Isikhathi sePosi: Dece-12-2022