Abantu abavame ukuphuza iwayini kufanele bajwayelene kakhulu namalebula ewayini namakhokho, ngoba singakwazi okuningi ngewayini ngokufunda amalebula ewayini nokubheka amakhokho ewayini. Kodwa emabhodleleni ewayini, abaphuzayo abaningi abanaki kakhulu, kodwa abazi ukuthi amabhodlela ewayini nawo anezimfihlo eziningi ezingaziwa.
1. Umsuka wamabhodlela ewayini
Abantu abaningi bangase babe nelukuluku lokwazi, kungani amawayini amaningi efakwa emabhodleleni engilazi, futhi kuyaqabukela emathinini ensimbi noma emabhodleleni epulasitiki?
Iwayini laqala ukuvela ngo-6000 BC, lapho kungathuthukiswanga ingilazi noma ubuchwepheshe bokwenza insimbi, ingasaphathwa eyepulasitiki. Ngaleso sikhathi, amawayini amaningi ayefakwe ezitsheni zobumba. Cishe ngo-3000 BC, imikhiqizo yengilazi yaqala ukuvela, futhi ngalesi sikhathi, ezinye izingilazi zewayini ezisezingeni eliphezulu zaqala ukwenziwa ngengilazi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezingilazi zewayini zangempela zobumba, izingilazi zewayini zengilazi zinganikeza iwayini ukunambitheka okungcono. Kodwa amabhodlela ewayini asagcinwe ezitsheni zobumba. Ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokukhiqizwa kwengilazi lalingekho phezulu ngaleso sikhathi, amabhodlela engilazi ayenziwe ayentekenteke kakhulu, okwakungelula ukuthuthwa nokugcinwa kwewayini. Ngekhulu le-17, kwavela into ebalulekile - isithando somlilo samalahle. Lobu buchwepheshe bawandisa kakhulu izinga lokushisa lapho kwenziwa ingilazi, okwenza abantu benze ingilazi enkulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokubonakala kwama-oki corks ngaleso sikhathi, amabhodlela engilazi ashintsha ngempumelelo izimbiza ze-ceramic zangaphambilini. Kuze kube namuhla, amabhodlela engilazi awakashintshwa amathini ensimbi noma amabhodlela epulasitiki. Okokuqala, kungenxa yezici zomlando nezendabuko; okwesibili, kungenxa yokuthi amabhodlela engilazi azinzile ngokwedlulele futhi ngeke athinte izinga lewayini; okwesithathu, amabhodlela engilazi kanye nama-oki corks angahlanganiswa ngokuphelele ukuze anikeze iwayini nge-charm yokuguga emabhodleleni.
2. Izici zamabhodlela ewayini
Iningi labathandi bewayini lingasho izici zamabhodlela ewayini: amabhodlela ewayini abomvu aluhlaza, amabhodlela ewayini amhlophe asobala, umthamo ungama-750 ml, futhi kukhona ama-grooves phansi.
Okokuqala, ake sibheke umbala webhodlela lewayini. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-17, umbala wamabhodlela ewayini wawuluhlaza. Lokhu kwanqunywa inqubo yokwenziwa kwamabhodlela ngaleso sikhathi. Amabhodlela ewayini ayenokungcola okuningi, ngakho amabhodlela ewayini ayeluhlaza. Kamuva, abantu bathola ukuthi amabhodlela ewayini aluhlaza okumnyama asiza ukuvikela iwayini ebhodleleni ethonyeni lokukhanya futhi asize iminyaka yewayini, ngakho-ke amabhodlela ewayini amaningi enziwa abe luhlaza ngokumnyama. Iwayini elimhlophe kanye newayini le-rosé kuvame ukupakishwa emabhodleleni ewayini akhanyayo, ngethemba lokukhombisa imibala yewayini elimhlophe newayini le-rosé kubathengi, okunganikeza abantu umuzwa oqabulayo kakhudlwana.
Okwesibili, umthamo wamabhodlela ewayini wakhiwe izici eziningi. Esinye sezizathu sisasukela ekhulwini le-17, lapho ukwenziwa kwamabhodlela kwenziwa ngesandla futhi kuncika kuma-glass-blowers. Bethonywe amandla amaphaphu abaphehli bengilazi, ubukhulu bamabhodlela ewayini ngaleso sikhathi babuphakathi kuka-600-800 ml. Isizathu sesibili ukuzalwa kwemiphongolo ye-oki enosayizi ojwayelekile: imiphongolo emincane ye-oki yokuthunyelwa yasungulwa ngamalitha angama-225 ngaleso sikhathi, ngakho-ke i-European Union yabeka umthamo wamabhodlela ewayini ku-750 ml ngekhulu lama-20. Umbhobho we-oki omncane kangaka ungabamba amabhodlela ewayini angama-300 namabhokisi angama-24. Esinye isizathu siwukuthi abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi u-750 ml ungathela izingilazi ezingu-15 zewayini elingu-50 ml, elifanele ukuphuza umkhaya ngesikhathi sokudla.
Nakuba amabhodlela ewayini amaningi angu-750 ml, manje sekunamabhodlela ewayini anekhono elihlukahlukene.
Ekugcineni, imisele engaphansi kwebhodlela ivame ukuba yinganekwane ngabantu abaningi, abakholelwa ukuthi lapho imigodi ijula ngaphansi, izinga lewayini liphezulu. Eqinisweni, ukujula kwama-grooves phansi akuhambisani nekhwalithi yewayini. Amanye amabhodlela ewayini aklanywe anemifantu ukuvumela inzika ukuthi igxiliswe ebhodleleni, elilungele ukususwa lapho lihlanjululwa. Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe besimanje bokwenza iwayini, izihlebo zewayini zingahlungwa ngokuqondile ngesikhathi sokwenziwa kwewayini, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo semifantu ukuze kususwe inzika. Ngaphezu kwalesi sizathu, ama-grooves angezansi angenza kube lula ukugcinwa kwewayini. Uma isikhungo esingaphansi kwebhodlela lewayini siphumela, kuzoba nzima ukubeka ibhodlela liqinile. Kodwa ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe besimanje bokwenza amabhodlela, le nkinga nayo isixazululiwe, ngakho-ke ama-grooves angaphansi kwebhodlela lewayini awahlobene ngempela nekhwalithi. Ama-wineries amaningi asagcina ama-grooves phansi ngaphezulu ukuze kugcinwe isiko.
3. Amabhodlela ewayini ahlukene
Abathandi bewayini abacophelelayo bangathola ukuthi amabhodlela e-Burgundy ahluke ngokuphelele kumabhodlela e-Bordeaux. Eqinisweni, ziningi ezinye izinhlobo zamabhodlela ewayini ngaphandle kwamabhodlela eBurgundy namabhodlela eBordeaux.
1. Ibhodlela leBordeaux
Ibhodlela leBordeaux elijwayelekile linobubanzi obufanayo ukusuka phezulu ukuya phansi, elinehlombe elihlukile, elingasetshenziswa ukususa inzika ewayinini. Leli bhodlela libukeka lingathí sina futhi linesizotha, njengengcweti kwezamabhizinisi. Amawayini ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba enziwa ngamabhodlela eBordeaux.
2. Ibhodlela leBurgundy
Iphansi liyikholomu, futhi ihlombe liyijika elihle, njengenkosikazi enomusa.
3. Ibhodlela le-Chateauneuf du Pape
Ngokufana nebhodlela leBurgundy, lincanyana futhi lide kunebhodlela leBurgundy. Ibhodlela liphrintwe ngo-“Chateauneuf du Pape”, isigqoko sikaPapa kanye nezikhiye ezimbili zeSt. Ibhodlela lifana nomKristu ozinikele.
I-Chateauneuf du Pape Bottle; Umthombo wesithombe: Brotte
4. Ibhodlela leChampagne
Ngokufanayo nebhodlela le-Burgundy, kodwa phezulu kwebhodlela kunophawu lomqhele lokuvutshelwa kwesibili ebhodleleni.
5. Ibhodlela leProvence
Kufanelekile kakhulu ukuchaza ibhodlela leProvence njengentombazane enhle enomfanekiso owenziwe "S".
6. Ibhodlela le-Alsace
Ihlombe lebhodlela le-Alsace nalo liyijika elihle, kodwa lincane kakhulu kunebhodlela le-Burgundy, njengentombazane ende. Ngaphezu kwe-Alsace, amabhodlela amaningi ewayini aseJalimane nawo asebenzisa lesi sitayela.
7. Ibhodlela le-Chianti
Amabhodlela e-Chianti ekuqaleni ayengamabhodlela anezisu ezinkulu, njengendoda egcwele futhi enamandla. Kodwa eminyakeni yamuva nje, uChianti usejwayele ukusebenzisa amabhodlela eBordeaux.
Ukwazi lokhu, ungase ukwazi ukuqagela cishe umsuka wewayini ngaphandle kokubheka ilebula.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-05-2024