Esikhathini esithile esidlule, i-US "Wall Street Journal" yabika ukuthi ukufika kwemithi yokugoma kubhekene nebhodlela: ukushoda kwezitsha zeglasi zokugcina kanye nengilazi ekhethekile njengoba izinto zokusetshenziswa zizovimbela ukukhiqizwa okukhulu. Ngakho ingabe leli bhodlela elincane lengilazi linokuqukethwe kobuchwepheshe?
Njengempahla yokupakisha ethintana nezidakamizwa ngokuqondile, amabhodlela engilazi okwelapha asetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wezinto zokupakisha zemithi ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuzinzile, njengezitsha, ama-ampoules, namabhodlela engilazi okumnika.
Njengoba amabhodlela engilazi okwelapha ethintana ngqo nemithi, futhi amanye kufanele agcinwe isikhathi eside, ukuhambisana kwamabhodlela engilazi okwelapha nemithi kuhlobene ngokuqondile nekhwalithi yemithi, futhi kuhilela impilo yomuntu siqu nokuphepha.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza ibhodlela lengilazi, ubudedengu ekuhlolweni nezinye izizathu ziye zabangela izinkinga ezithile emkhakheni wokupakishwa kwemithi eminyakeni yamuva. Isb:
I-asidi ephansi kanye nokumelana ne-alkali: Uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinto zokupakisha, ingilazi ibuthakathaka ekumelana ne-asidi, ikakhulukazi ukumelana ne-alkali. Uma izinga lengilazi lihluleka, noma izinto ezifanele zingakhethiwe, kulula ukubeka engcupheni ikhwalithi yemithi ngisho nempilo yeziguli. .
Izinqubo ezahlukene zokukhiqiza zinemiphumela ehlukene kwikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yengilazi: iziqukathi zokupakisha ingilazi zivame ukukhiqizwa ngokubunjwa kanye nezinqubo ezilawulwayo. Izinqubo ezahlukene zokukhiqiza zinomthelela omkhulu kwikhwalithi yengilazi, ikakhulukazi ekuphikisweni kwendawo yangaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, ukuqinisa ukulawulwa kokuhlolwa kanye namazinga okusebenza kwezinto zokupakisha zebhodlela lengilazi kunomthelela obalulekile kwikhwalithi yokupakishwa kwemithi kanye nokuthuthukiswa komkhakha.
Izithako eziyinhloko zamabhodlela engilazi
Amabhodlela engilazi ezinto zokupakisha zemithi ngokuvamile aqukethe i-silicon dioxide, i-boron trioxide, i-aluminium oxide, i-sodium oxide, i-magnesium oxide, i-potassium oxide, i-calcium oxide nezinye izithako.
Yiziphi izinkinga zamabhodlela engilazi
· Imvula yezibonelo zezinsimbi ze-alkali (K, Na) engilazini iholela ekwenyukeni kwenani le-pH embonini eyenza imithi
· Ingilazi yezinga eliphansi noma ukuguguleka okuhlala isikhathi eside oketshezi lwe-alkali kungase kubangele ukuxebuka: ukuxebuka kwengilazi kungase kuvimbe imithambo yegazi futhi kubangele i-thrombosis noma i-pulmonary granulomas.
· Ukuna kwezinto eziyingozi engilazini: izakhi eziyingozi zingase zibe khona kufomula yokukhiqiza ingilazi
· Ama-aluminiyumu ama-ion awana engilazini anemiphumela emibi kuma-biological agents
Ukuskena imakroskopu ye-electron ikakhulukazi ibona ukuguguleka nokuxebuka kwendawo engaphakathi yebhodlela lengilazi, futhi ingahlaziya nesihlungi samakhemikhali samanzi. Sisebenzisa i-Feiner desktop scanning electron microscope ukuze sibheke ingaphezulu lebhodlela lengilazi, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 1. Isithombe esingakwesokunxele sibonisa ingaphakathi lebhodlela lengilazi eligqwelwe umuthi owuketshezi, futhi isithombe esingakwesokudla sibonisa indawo engaphakathi yebhodlela lengilazi. ibhodlela lengilazi elinesikhathi eside sokuguguleka. Uketshezi lusabela nebhodlela lengilazi, futhi indawo engaphakathi ebushelelezi iyagqwala. Ukugqwala kwesikhathi eside kuzodala indawo enkulu yokuqothuka. Uma ikhambi lomuthi ngemva kwalokhu kusabela selijovwe emzimbeni wesiguli, liyoba nomthelela omubi empilweni yesiguli.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-03-2021